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Sources and bibliography

Primary-text leads, subject literature, historical material and public research resources. Each source retains its related dossier and context for search, comparison and citation.

34dossiers58external research entries48core terms
A research table joining texts, catalogues, manuscripts and digital resources

01Four research routes

Find sources by research question

One name may belong at once to method, history, text and social practice. These four routes interconnect, but answer different questions.

02Layered reading

Three depths of reading

The library separates public orientation, specialist study and independent research. You may move quickly, but should not skip checks of terminology, period and source type.

  1. 01

    Public orientation

    Read atlas summaries, the historical overview and glossary definitions to establish names, periods and families.

    For first encounters with Chinese mantic arts
  2. 02

    Specialist study

    Enter a dossier's principles, texts, evidence limits and related systems; record differences among editions and lineages.

    For learners with a defined field
  3. 03

    Independent research

    Return to primary texts, catalogues, archaeology and institutional databases; publish citations, procedures and uncertainties.

    For papers, translation, reconstruction and digital projects

03Evaluating sources

Six dimensions of source evaluation

An institutional page may offer only an introduction; a lineage manuscript may preserve a valuable lead. Evaluation asks exactly what a source can establish, regardless of institutional or lineage status.

01

What is the material?

Received edition, excavated manuscript, object, oral account, paper and modern manual support different claims.

02

How is it dated?

Separate the date claimed in a text, the surviving edition, attribution and the date of modern cataloguing.

03

Can the passage be located?

Record chapter, fascicle, page, edition, collection number or a stable link whenever possible.

04

Tradition or research conclusion?

Layer lineage interpretation, cultural narrative, historical claim and modern validation.

05

Can the procedure be reproduced?

Charts and calculations require inputs, rules, calendar conventions and intermediate steps.

06

Are the limits explicit?

Cases do not generalize automatically; mantic content does not replace medical, legal or financial advice.

04Source catalogue

Public source catalogue

These links are the sources already annotated in dossiers and the history: museums, universities, research institutes, academic publishers and digital text projects. External content and availability remain under the responsible institution.

58 / 58 sources

unesco.orgWeb pageHeritage register and material overview

UNESCO: Chinese oracle-bone inscriptions

Introduces the divinatory uses, recorded subjects and linguistic significance of oracle bones, with examples from several collections and nomination documents.

Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Read the overview, then record the holding institution and publication number in each image caption.
Scope and limitations
The overview establishes context. Individual readings, precise dates and event interpretations require inscriptions and specialist studies.

Note reviewed

Open source
tsinghua.edu.cnWeb pageEditor's account of manuscript research

Tsinghua University: Shifa and Biegua manuscripts

Li Xueqin introduces Shifa, Biegua and Suanbiao in the fourth Tsinghua manuscript volume, discussing numerical hexagrams, trigram positions and slip ordering.

Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
The page identifies the speaker, original publication and date. Retain the section title and consult the published edition for detailed claims.
Scope and limitations
This edited talk includes the editor's interpretations and unresolved questions. Attribute those positions explicitly.

Note reviewed

Open source
chnmuseum.cnWeb pageMuseum collection description

National Museum of China: Liuren bronze earth plate

The National Museum's bronze earth-plate entry describes a Liuren board and explicitly notes that its heaven plate is missing.

Responsibility
National Museum of China, collection description
Holding institution
National Museum of China
Year and version
Online collection description; no accession number or excavation date stated on this page
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Distinguish the surviving plate, its missing component and the museum's general description of board structure.
Scope and limitations
The general account of structure and operation should not be treated as a transcription of every surviving inscription on this object.

Note reviewed

Open source
plato.stanford.eduWeb pageScholarly encyclopedia article

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Chinese change

Surveys textual layers, cosmology and traditions of interpretation in the philosophy of change; its bibliography separates primary works, translations and secondary studies.

Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
This link identifies the Summer 2021 archived edition. Preserve that edition in citations and follow the bibliography for detailed arguments.
Scope and limitations
This is a modern philosophical survey. Traditional attributions and modern textual stratification require distinct treatment.

Note reviewed

Open source
nlc.cnPDFIntroductory guide and textual explanation

National Library of China: guide to the Zhouyi

Zhouyi reading material hosted by the National Library introduces the classic, commentaries, traditional attributions and interpretations, explicitly presenting itself as a popular guide.

Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Record both PDF position and printed page number; verify authorship and publication details against the complete edition before formal citation.
Scope and limitations
Hosting does not establish institutional authorship. Separate inherited narratives, the writer's position and surviving evidence.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukWeb pageManuscript catalogue record

Stein manuscript Dunhuang Star Chart

An item-level record for the Dunhuang Star Chart, with shelfmark, institution, dimensions and provenance.

Responsibility
IDP catalogue record; manuscript authorship not established here
Identifier / locator
Or.8210/S.3326
Holding institution
British Library
Year and version
Online catalogue; proposed manuscript date is not a publication year
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Consult Date, Description and Institution in Overview, and Stein site number Ch.85.XIII in Historical information.
Scope and limitations
Date gives 649–684; Description instead suggests the early eighth century. Cite the field used and retain the discrepancy. A shelfmark does not identify an author. Consult the original image-rights notice.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukPDFOriginal research paper

The Dunhuang Chinese Sky: A Comprehensive Study of the Oldest Known Star Atlas

Studies the atlas, projections, accompanying texts and dating, with numbered sections, tables and appendices.

Responsibility
Jean-Marc Bonnet-Bidaud, Françoise Praderie and Susan Whitfield, authors
Year and version
2009 · Paper download hosted by IDP; journal volume and pagination not verified in this review
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
PDF page 1 lists authors and abstract; section 3.2 covers astronomical content, and 5.1 dating (PDF pages 8–9). These file positions are not journal pagination.
Scope and limitations
The abstract counts 1,339 stars; the IDP guide gives 1,345. Preserve each count without assuming a typographical error. Authorship and dating are argued conclusions with qualifications.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukWeb pageManuscript translation

The Dunhuang Star Chart (Or.8210/S.3326)

An English translation of cloud-divination and celestial-station passages, organised as Sections 1 and 2, with gaps and some editorial corrections.

Responsibility
Imre Galambos, translator; attribution confirmed by the IDP project account
Identifier / locator
Or.8210/S.3326 · Section 1 / Section 2
Year and version
2009 · IDP online translation; not a graph-by-graph edition of the scroll
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Use Section 1 for cloud entries and Section 2 for station passages. Translator attribution is checked against IDP's Astronomy in China's Past project account.
Scope and limitations
This is a modern translation. Distinguish supplementation and correction from transmitted wording; verify graphs, lines and punctuation against images and editions.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukWeb pageResearch project account

Astronomy in China's Past

Documents the IDP astronomy project and identifies the three study authors and the manuscript translator.

Responsibility
Josh Anderson, author of the project account
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Scholarly Research names the study authors and Imre Galambos's translation; the page credits Josh Anderson.
Scope and limitations
Use for modern contributor attribution and project context, not in place of manuscript images or dating arguments.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukWeb pageInstitutional learning guide

The Dunhuang Star Atlas

Introduces the arrangement of cloud material and star charts in the scroll, providing an overview and questions for closer study.

Responsibility
International Dunhuang Programme learning resource; no individual author listed
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Consult A closer look, Cloud divination, and What else can the Dunhuang Star Atlas tell us?
Scope and limitations
Public-facing dates and counts can differ from specialist studies. Follow the research literature for arguments about precision, authorship and use.

Note reviewed

Open source
ctext.orgWeb pageOnline historical-text transcription

六壬指南 · 卷一 · 大六壬心印賦

The Heart-Seal Rhapsody and commentary in Liuren Zhinan, volume one, with locatable passages on lodges, plate placement, lessons and transmission conditions.

Responsibility
CText Wiki transcription; contributor attribution and base edition not established in this review
Identifier / locator
chapter=362973 · §§3–12
Year and version
Online transcription with paragraph locators; no base-text collation completed
Related reading大六壬
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Online paragraphs 3–5 cover stem lodges, general-over-hour placement and Four Lessons; 6–12 cover transmission procedures. These are web paragraph numbers, not historical folios.
Scope and limitations
Indexed transcription passages were consulted; direct access was restricted and the base edition remains unchecked. Wiki text may contain transcription or editorial errors. Verify images and edition before formal quotation.

Note reviewed

Open source
catalog.hathitrust.orgWeb pageManuscript catalogue record

御定六壬直指 : [二卷]

A bibliographic record for Yuding Liuren Zhizhi, separating textual divisions, physical volumes, manuscript edition and institutional source.

Responsibility
Catalogue responsibility: Li Feng zhu jie (commentary); Chinese name graphs unchecked
Identifier / locator
HathiTrust 102334182
Holding institution
University of Washington (catalogued Original Source)
Year and version
Manuscript; catalogue date Qing Kangxi [1662–1722]; seven physical volumes
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Consult Published, Edition and Physical Description. The Full view table identifies University of Washington as Original Source.
Scope and limitations
Retain two juan in the title and seven physical volumes separately. The responsibility statement reads Li Feng zhu jie; Chinese name graphs and the complete contents have not been checked, so no verified-author field is emitted.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageOnline historical-text transcription

遁甲演義(四庫全書本)

A transcription labelled as the Siku edition of Dunjia Yanyi. Its abstract attributes the work to Cheng Daosheng of the Ming; volume one includes several methods and star-gate movement examples.

Responsibility
Attributed in the abstract to Cheng Daosheng of the Ming; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
卷一 · 時家奇門 / 八門九星逐時移宮訣
Year and version
Online transcription labelled Siku Quanshu edition; not collated against images
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
See the abstract and volume one's origin, hourly-method, Yanbo Diaosou Rhapsody and hourly star-gate movement sections. The hourly method explicitly lists Yang 1 and Yin 9 placements.
Scope and limitations
The online transcription was consulted, without character-by-character collation against Siku images. Attribute origin narratives to the text and keep the abstract's compilation date separate from the work's composition.

Note reviewed

Open source
rbook.ncl.edu.twWeb pageRare-book catalogue record

遁甲奇門符應經

The National Central Library record of Dunjia Qimen Fuying Jing identifies an old manuscript copy, three juan in two volumes, accession 06583.

Responsibility
Catalogue attribution: Yang Weide (Song), author; Wang Xun, preface
Identifier / locator
06583 · 306.5 06583
Holding institution
National Central Library, Taipei
Year and version
Old manuscript copy; three juan, two thread-bound volumes; copy date not established
Related reading奇门遁甲
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Consult title, author attribution, preface contributor, edition, juan, quantity, accession, call number and holder. The call number is 306.5 06583.
Scope and limitations
The catalogue attributes authorship to Yang Weide of the Song and a preface to Wang Xun. Folio images were not examined; a date mentioned in a preface does not by itself date these physical volumes.

Note reviewed

Open source
eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jpWeb pageOriginal research paper

奇門遁甲の基礎的研究

Ino Takeshi, Basic Study for One of Chinese Divination; Qi men dun jia, Kenkyū Ronshū 10 (2010), pp. 161–185; discusses rotating and flying boards and illustrates earth plates.

Responsibility
Ino, Takeshi
Identifier / locator
hdl:2115/44606 · 研究論集 10:161–185
Holding institution
Hokkaido University HUSCAP repository
Year and version
2010 · 2010 journal article; full-text PDF supplied by the repository
Related reading奇门遁甲
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
The repository supplies author, date and pagination. In INO.pdf, printed pp. 170–172 locate Jia correspondences, Yang 1, Yin 9 and palace directions; a metadata sheet precedes the article.
Scope and limitations
This review consulted the repository and extracted PDF text, without visual page verification. The study supports method comparison, not predictive efficacy or uniformity across all traditions.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical abstract and preface

太乙金鏡式經(四庫全書本)· 提要與序

The Siku abstract and preface of Taiyi Jinjing Shijing record attribution, ten-juan structure, a later-addition observation and editorial criticism.

Responsibility
Work attributed to Wang Ximing of the Tang; abstract by Siku editors; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
提要 / 太乙金鏡式經序
Year and version
Online transcription of the Siku edition; ten juan; no folio collation completed
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
The abstract's opening attributes authorship to Wang Ximing of the Tang and notes a calculation reaching the Song's Jingyou first year. Its closing critique and the separate preface have distinct argumentative roles.
Scope and limitations
This online transcription was not collated against images in this review. A Qing editorial observation does not date every passage. Links to volumes one, two and four locate the same transmitted edition, not independent witnesses.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageTranscribed historical procedures

太乙金鏡式經(四庫全書本)· 卷一

Volume one covers epoch counts, cycle divisions, Taiyi and Tianmu placement, and monthly, daily and hourly methods.

Responsibility
Attributed to Wang Ximing of the Tang; Wikisource transcription; the abstract notes later additions
Identifier / locator
卷一 · 推上元積年 / 積太乙所在法 / 推天目所在法
Year and version
Online transcription, not collated folio by folio against a physical witness
Related reading太乙
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Locate the epoch, Taiyi-position and Tianmu-position headings and the separate time-scale procedures. The later Kaiyuan-12 statement gives 1,937,281; the relevant reduction chain uses 360, 72 and 24.
Scope and limitations
Counting origin, exclusion conventions and exact-division cases require dedicated checking; the text includes gaps and differing counts. Reproducing explicit arithmetic does not establish a modern calendar converter.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical positions and names

太乙金鏡式經(四庫全書本)· 卷二

Volume two describes three-year palace residence, exclusion of the centre, Taiyi palace numbers, gates and sixteen named stations.

Responsibility
Attributed to Wang Ximing of the Tang; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
卷二 · 推太乙所在法 / 推九宮所主法 / 推十六神所主法
Year and version
Siku-edition transcription; positions and names located by section
Related reading太乙
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Use the Taiyi-placement heading for residence, the Nine-Palace heading for Qian 1 through Xun 9, and the Sixteen-Agents heading for branch and corner names.
Scope and limitations
The diagram is an editorial teaching reconstruction, not an artefact replica. Political and disaster interpretations remain historical claims; reproducing positions does not validate them.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical role and relation definitions

太乙金鏡式經(四庫全書本)· 卷四

Volume four defines host and guest through scenario, precedence and response; the adjacent passage treats mutual restriction.

Responsibility
Attributed to Wang Ximing of the Tang; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
卷四 · 推主客 / 推主客相闗法
Year and version
Online Siku-edition transcription; no variant-edition collation completed
Related reading太乙
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Locate the field-array and settled-position conditions under host and guest, and the Gaochong/Taicu and Yinzhu/Dizhu examples under mutual restriction.
Scope and limitations
These are internal textual rules and interpretations. They support textual analysis here, not a complete military-divination system or advice for real conflict.

Note reviewed

Open source
catalog.digitalarchives.twWeb pageInstitutional union-catalogue record

太乙金鏡式經 · 故庫018063–018064

Catalogue metadata for the Palace Museum's Taiyi Jinjing Shijing: 故庫018063–018064, two volumes of the Wenyuan Pavilion Siku copy from the Qianlong period.

Responsibility
Catalogue attribution: Wang Ximing of the Tang; Digital Archives union-catalogue record
Identifier / locator
故庫018063–018064 · 排架號3133
Holding institution
National Palace Museum, Taipei
Year and version
Qianlong-period Wenyuan Pavilion Siku manuscript copy; two thread-bound volumes
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Consult identification for the accession and shelf location 3133, description for edition, format for two volumes and management for the National Palace Museum.
Scope and limitations
This review uses the union catalogue. Its original-resource link now opens the museum search homepage; item images were not examined. Keep attributed dynasty, copying period and web citation dates distinct.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageTranscribed historical figure charts

增刪卜易 · 八卦各宮全圖

Lists polarity, branches, kin and host–response markers for all sixty-four figures, supporting comparison with the work's procedural chapters.

Responsibility
Transmitted Zengshan Buyi text; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
八卦各宮全圖 · 本次读取 oldid 2100341
Year and version
Online transcription; underlying copy and printing date not established from images
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Locate the eight palace groups, especially Guan in Qian, doubled Gen in Gen and Xu in Kun.
Scope and limitations
Wikisource transcription without image collation; some names and characters are uncertain. Chapters four through seven are additional locators in the same work, not independent witnesses.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical branch-assignment procedure

增刪卜易 · 渾天甲子章第四

The Huntian Jiazi chapter lists inner and outer branch triples and illustrates upward assignment with Gou.

Responsibility
Transmitted Zengshan Buyi text; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
第四章 · 本次读取 oldid 2100293
Year and version
Procedural transcription with a recorded suspect reading
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Chapter four, Huntian Jiazi: inspect the inner/outer lists and Gou example. The entries used for Gen are transcribed with Chen in the headings.
Scope and limitations
This site labels the suspect Chen headings as Gen by comparison with the same work's Gen chart, explicitly recording that editorial judgment. Image verification remains outstanding. The experiment assigns branches, not heavenly stems.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical relational assignments

增刪卜易 · 六親歌章第五

The Six Kin chapter lists parents, siblings, offspring, wealth and officials relative to palace phases.

Responsibility
Transmitted text with separate modern Yuanjian commentary; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
第五章 · 本次读取 oldid 2100292
Year and version
Online transcription with modern annotation distinguished from historical text
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Chapter five's palace lists and Qian example; the later Yuanjian an passage is a separate commentary layer.
Scope and limitations
Keep the modern note separate from transmitted wording. The site's phase function formulates the listed assignments; modern commentary is not direct evidence of historical wording.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical host–response rules

增刪卜易 · 世應章第六

The host–response chapter uses Qian's eight figures to locate the host and its response three positions away.

Responsibility
Transmitted Zengshan Buyi text; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
第六章 · 本次读取 oldid 2100291
Year and version
Online transcription compared internally with the Eight-Palace charts
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Chapter six, from the root host at line 6 to wandering soul at 4 and returning soul at 3. Compare Tiandi Guan here with Fengdi Guan in the chart.
Scope and limitations
The name discrepancy is retained. The site uses the chart's Xun-over-Kun figure without claiming a critical edition. Host–response labels do not directly identify real persons.

Note reviewed

Open source
zh.wikisource.orgWeb pageHistorical transformation rules

增刪卜易 · 動變章第七

The transformation chapter gives polarity changes and retains the original reference for transformed kin, with examples including Xu to Song.

Responsibility
Transmitted Zengshan Buyi text; Wikisource transcription
Identifier / locator
第七章 · 本次读取 oldid 2100290
Year and version
Online transcription; diagram, prose and editorial exercise kept distinct
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Chapter seven's Xu/Song diagrams and closing kin rule. Shen at line 4 is marked moving; the later statement about non-moving Shen is logged separately as a diagram–prose discrepancy.
Scope and limitations
The exercise declares changes at 1, 3, 4 and 6 without assuming away the discrepancy. Complete transformed structure and actual moving lines are distinguished. Predictive performance has not been established.

Note reviewed

Open source
dl-library.net.cnWeb pageLibrary catalogue record

增刪卜易 · 大连图书馆记录4987

Dalian Library's Zengshan Buyi entry gives record 4987, call number 1862-21 and accession 7352.

Responsibility
First contributor catalogued as Yehe Laoren (Qing); Dalian Library catalogue
Identifier / locator
记录号4987 · 索书号1862-21 · 登录号7352
Holding institution
Dalian Library
Year and version
Recorded language: Japanese; Mantetsu material; publication year unconfirmed
Related reading纳甲六爻
Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
Inspect the first contributor Yehe Laoren (Qing), language Japanese and Mantetsu-material fields. No confirmed publication year is supplied.
Scope and limitations
Catalogue-only review without page-image examination. Retain Japanese as the recorded language rather than inferring a Chinese-language copy. Contributor era does not date the item.

Note reviewed

Open source
idp.bl.ukWeb pageCross-collection digital resource

International Dunhuang Programme: digital collections

The International Dunhuang Programme brings together online collections from the Eastern Silk Roads, with collection search, learning resources and thematic content.

Reading and citation notes
Locating the evidence
At item level, record the shelfmark, holding institution, image side or sequence and original item link.
Scope and limitations
The portal alone cannot establish an individual manuscript's date or reading. Check item-specific rights before reusing images.

Note reviewed

Open source

RIS export retains filtered results and verified bibliographic fields. Translators and holding institutions remain notes; manuscript dating is not a publication year. Unverified fields stay blank.

05Citation record

Elements of a citation record

When pages, editions or interpretations change, a clear record lets you and later readers retrace the same evidentiary path.

  1. 01Author or responsible institution
  2. 02Title and document type
  3. 03Edition, fascicle or collection number
  4. 04Stable URL and access date
  5. 05Page number for the cited passage
  6. 06Your inference separated from the source